Chemical Analysis Techniques
Chemical analyses on metals and materials are available
using the following techniques:
-
Optical Emission Spectroscopy
-
Combustion (LECO) for C & S
- Atomic
Absorption
Surface
analyses are available by SEM/EDS.
|
|
Test |
Sample |
Materials |
Detection Limits |
Optical Emission
Spectroscopy
(OES) |
Solid samples.
Min. diameter 12mm
Min. thickness 0.5mm |
Iron, aluminium,
copper, nickel and cobalt-based alloys |
>0.0002%, depending on
element and sample.
Elements include:
Ag, Al, As, B, Bi, C, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe,
Mg, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Si, Sn, Te,
Ti, V, W, Zn, Zr. |
Combustion
(LECO) |
Solid samples,
turnings or powders.
Minimum weight 5g |
Ferrous alloys |
C : 0.0002% to 10.0%
S : 0.0002% to 1.0% |
| Atomic Absorption |
Solid samples,
turnings, powders or solutions.
Minimum weight 10g |
Ferrous alloys
Non-ferrous alloys
Inorganic materials |
>0.0005%, depending on
element and sample.
Elements include:
Ag, Al, As, B, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu,
Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Sb, Si, Se, Sn, Sr,
Ta, Te, Ti, V, W, Zn, Zr. |
| SEM/EDS |
Solid samples or
powders.
Very small samples possible. |
Ferrous alloys
Non-ferrous alloys
Inorganic materials |
>0.1%, depending on
element and sample.
Elements with atomic number ≥ 5 |
| X-ray Diffraction |
Solid samples or
powders. |
Crystalline solids |
>1.0%, depending on
phase and sample. |
|
Standards
|
|
E34-94(1998) |
Standard Test Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and
Aluminum-Base Alloys |
| ASTM E350-95(2000)e1 |
Standard Test Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy
Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
Wrought Iron |
| ASTM E351-93(2000)e1 |
Standard Test Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron--All Types |
| ASTM E352-93(2000)e1 |
Standard Test Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Tool Steels and Other
Similar Medium- and High-Alloy Steels |
| ASTM E353-93(2000)e1 |
Standard Test Methods
for Chemical Analysis of Stainless,
Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar
Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys |
| ASTM E354-93(2000)e1 |
Standard Test Methods
for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature,
Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron,
Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys |
| ASTM E415-99a |
Standard Test Method
for Optical Emission Vacuum Spectrometric
Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel |
| ASTM E607-90(1996) |
Standard Test Method
for Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis of
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the
Point-to-Plane Technique, Nitrogen Atmosphere |
| ASTM E1251-94(1999) |
Standard Test Method
for Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis of
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by the Argon
Atmosphere, Point-to-Plane, Unipolar
Self-Initiating Capacitor Discharge |
| ASTM E1999-99e1 |
Standard Test Method
for Analysis of Cast Iron Using Optical Emission
Spectrometry |
|
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